'How false (said he,)is all this,to say that in ancient times learning was not a disgrace to a Peer as it is now.In ancient times a Peer was as ignorant as any one else.He would have been angry to have it thought he could write his name.Men in ancient times dared to stand forth with a degree of ignorance with which nobody would dare now to stand forth.I am always angry when Ihear ancient times praised at the expence of modern times.There is now a great deal more learning in the world than there was formerly;for it is universally diffused.You have,perhaps,no man who knows as much Greek and Latin as Bentley;no man who knows as much mathematicks as Newton:but you have many more men who know Greek and Latin,and who know mathematicks.'
On Thursday,May 1,I visited him in the evening along with young Mr.Burke.He said,'It is strange that there should be so little reading in the world,and so much writing.People in general do not willingly read,if they can have any thing else to amuse them.
There must be an external impulse;emulation,or vanity,or avarice.The progress which the understanding makes through a book,has more pain than pleasure in it.Language is scanty,and inadequate to express the nice gradations and mixtures of our feelings.No man reads a book of science from pure inclination.
The books that we do read with pleasure are light compositions,which contain a quick succession of events.However,I have this year read all Virgil through.I read a book of the Aeneid every night,so it was done in twelve nights,and I had great delight in it.The Georgicks did not give me so much pleasure,except the fourth book.The Eclogues I have almost all by heart.I do not think the story of the Aeneid interesting.I like the story of the Odyssey much better;and this not on account of the wonderful things which it contains;for there are wonderful things enough in the Aeneid;--the ships of the Trojans turned to sea-nymphs,--the tree at Polydorus's tomb dropping blood.The story of the Odyssey is interesting,as a great part of it is domestick.It has been said,there is pleasure in writing,particularly in writing verses.
I allow you may have pleasure from writing,after it is over,if you have written well;but you don't go willingly to it again.Iknow when I have been writing verses,I have run my finger down the margin,to see how many I had made,and how few I had to make.'
He seemed to be in a very placid humour,and although I have no note of the particulars of young Mr.Burke's conversation,it is but justice to mention in general,that it was such that Dr.
Johnson said to me afterwards,'He did very well indeed;I have a mind to tell his father.'
I have no minute of any interview with Johnson till Thursday,May 15,when I find what follows:--BOSWELL.'I wish much to be in Parliament,Sir.'JOHNSON.'Why,Sir,unless you come resolved to support any administration,you would be the worse for being in Parliament,because you would be obliged to live more expensively.'
BOSWELL.'Perhaps,Sir,I should be the less happy for being in Parliament.I never would sell my vote,and I should be vexed if things went wrong.'JOHNSON.'That's cant,Sir.It would not vex you more in the house,than in the gallery:publick affairs vex no man.'BOSWELL.'Have not they vexed yourself a little,Sir?Have not you been vexed by all the turbulence of this reign,and by that absurd vote of the house of Commons,"That the influence of the Crown has increased,is increasing,and ought to be diminished?"'
Johnson.'Sir,I have never slept an hour less,nor eat an ounce less meat.I would have knocked the factious dogs on the head,to be sure;but I was not VEXED.'BOSWELL.'I declare,Sir,upon my honour,I did imagine I was vexed,and took a pride in it;but it WAS,perhaps,cant;for I own I neither ate less,nor slept less.'
JOHNSON.'My dear friend,clear your MIND of cant.You may TALKas other people do:you may say to a man,"Sir,I am your most humble servant."You are not his most humble servant.You may say,"These are bad times;it is a melancholy thing to be reserved to such times."You don't mind the times.You tell a man,"I am sorry you had such bad weather the last day of your journey,and were so much wet."You don't care six-pence whether he is wet or dry.You may TALK in this manner;it is a mode of talking in Society:but don't THINK foolishly.'
Here he discovered a notion common enough in persons not much accustomed to entertain company,that there must be a degree of elaborate attention,otherwise company will think themselves neglected;and such attention is no doubt very fatiguing.He proceeded:'I would not,however,be a stranger in my own county;Iwould visit my neighbours,and receive their visits;but I would not be in haste to return visits.If a gentleman comes to see me,I tell him he does me a great deal of honour.I do not go to see him perhaps for ten weeks;then we are very complaisant to each other.No,Sir,you will have much more influence by giving or lending money where it is wanted,than by hospitality.'
On Saturday,May 17,I saw him for a short time.Having mentioned that I had that morning been with old Mr.Sheridan,he remembered their former intimacy with a cordial warmth,and said to me,'Tell Mr.Sheridan,I shall be glad to see him,and shake hands with him.'BOSWELL.'It is to me very wonderful that resentment should be kept up so long.'JOHNSON.'Why,Sir,it is not altogether resentment that he does not visit me;it is partly falling out of the habit,--partly disgust,as one has at a drug that has made him sick.Besides,he knows that I laugh at his oratory.'
Another day I spoke of one of our friends,of whom he,as well as I,had a very high opinion.He expatiated in his praise;but added,'Sir,he is a cursed Whig,a BOTTOMLESS Whig,as they all are now.'
